牛磺酸缺乏是衰老的驅動因素

印度國立免疫學研究所Vijay K. Yadav小組發現，牛磺酸缺乏是衰老的驅動因素。2023年6月9日，《科學》雜志在線發表這項研究成果。

研究人員發現，在小鼠、猴子和人類中，循環牛磺酸的濃度隨著衰老而下降。通過補充牛磺酸逆轉這種下降，增加了小鼠的健康期（健康生活的時期）和壽命，以及猴子的健康期。從機制上講，牛磺酸減少了細胞的衰老，保護了端粒酶的缺乏，抑制了線粒體功能障礙，減少了DNA損傷，并削弱了炎癥反應。

在人類中，較低的牛磺酸濃度與幾種與年齡有關的疾病相關，急性耐力運動后牛磺酸濃度增加。因此，牛磺酸缺乏可能是衰老的一個驅動因素，因為它的逆轉增加了線蟲、嚙齒動物和靈長類動物的健康期和線蟲和嚙齒動物的壽命。似乎有必要在人類中進行臨床試驗，來測試牛磺酸缺乏是否可能推動人類的衰老。

據介紹，衰老與各種分子的循環水平的變化有關，其中一些仍未確定。

附：英文原文

Title: Taurine deficiency as a driver of aging

Author: Parminder Singh, Kishore Gollapalli, Stefano Mangiola, Daniela Schranner, Mohd Aslam Yusuf, Manish Chamoli, Sting L. Shi, Bruno Lopes Bastos, Tripti Nair, Annett Riermeier, Elena M. Vayndorf, Judy Z. Wu, Aishwarya Nilakhe, Christina Q. Nguyen, Michael Muir, Michael G. Kiflezghi, Anna Foulger, Alex Junker, Jack Devine, Kunal Sharan, Shankar J. Chinta, Swati Rajput, Anand Rane, Philipp Baumert, Martin Schnfelder, Francescopaolo Iavarone, Giorgia di Lorenzo, Swati Kumari, Alka Gupta, Rajesh Sarkar, Costerwell Khyriem, Amanpreet S. Chawla, Ankur Sharma, Nazan Sarper, Naibedya Chattopadhyay, Bichitra K. Biswal, Carmine Settembre, Perumal Nagarajan, Kimara L. Targoff, Martin Picard, Sarika Gupta, Vidya Velagapudi, Anthony T. Papenfuss, Alaattin Kaya, Miguel Godinho Ferreira, Brian K. Kennedy, Julie K. Andersen, Gordon J. Lithgow, Abdullah Mahmood Ali, Arnab Mukhopadhyay, Aarno Palotie, Gabi Kastenmüller, Matt Kaeberlein, Henning Wackerhage, Bhupinder Pal, Vijay K. Yadav

Issue&Volume: 2023-06-09

Abstract: Aging is associated with changes in circulating levels of various molecules, some of which remain undefined. We find that concentrations of circulating taurine decline with aging in mice, monkeys, and humans. A reversal of this decline through taurine supplementation increased the health span (the period of healthy living) and life span in mice and health span in monkeys. Mechanistically, taurine reduced cellular senescence, protected against telomerase deficiency, suppressed mitochondrial dysfunction, decreased DNA damage, and attenuated inflammaging. In humans, lower taurine concentrations correlated with several age-related diseases and taurine concentrations increased after acute endurance exercise. Thus, taurine deficiency may be a driver of aging because its reversal increases health span in worms, rodents, and primates and life span in worms and rodents. Clinical trials in humans seem warranted to test whether taurine deficiency might drive aging in humans.